Assoc. Prof. Dr Aytaç Çetinkaya
What is Diabetes?
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that is usually caused by a defect in the production or utilization of the hormone insulin. Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas that helps the body regulate blood sugar. In diabetes, the body either does not produce enough insulin or cannot use it effectively.
There are two most common types of diabetes:
Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes, which usually occurs in childhood or adolescence, occurs when the immune system attacks the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, leading to reduced or stopped insulin production. Type 2 diabetes, on the other hand, usually develops in adulthood and the body’s cells are unable to use insulin effectively or the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin.
Symptoms of diabetes
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excessive thirst,
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frequent urination,
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constant feeling of hunger,
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fatigue,
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blurred vision,
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weight loss,
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wound healing problems
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recurrent infections
include.
“Diabetes can lead to long-term complications and cause health problems such as heart disease, kidney problems, eye problems, nerve damage and foot problems.
Managing diabetes involves adopting a healthy lifestyle and keeping blood sugar under control. Treatment usually includes attention to diet, regular physical activity, weight control, monitoring blood glucose levels and taking medication when needed. People with type 1 diabetes need insulin injections because their pancreas glands cannot produce enough insulin, while people with type 2 diabetes can sometimes keep their blood sugar under control with diet and lifestyle changes, but in some cases they may need oral medicines or insulin injections.
Preventing or controlling diabetes
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A healthy diet,
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regular physical activity,
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Control of body weight,
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Limitation of smoking and alcohol consumption
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attend regular health check-ups
It is important
Diabetes is a disease that can lead to serious health problems but with appropriate management can help maintain quality of life. Therefore, it is important for individuals at risk of diabetes to keep their blood sugar under control through regular medical follow-up and lifestyle changes.
